A Long-Standing Pattern of Terror in Jammu and Kashmir
Historical Attacks That Have Shaken the Region
Jammu and Kashmir has experienced violence for decades. Some of the most significant attacks include:
- The 2001 attack on the state legislature, which killed many innocent civilians.
- The 2006 assault on Doda, where 25 lives were lost.
- The 2017 terror strike during the Amarnath Yatra, claiming the lives of eight pilgrims.
In each case, terrorists targeted civilians and security forces. These attacks aimed to spread chaos and weaken India’s hold on the region. But what makes the latest incident different?
The Role of Cross-Border Support and Proxy Groups
Pakistan has long used terrorism as a tool to destabilize India. It trains and funds groups such as Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed. These groups operate as proxies, carrying out attacks from across borders or through local affiliates.
The Resistance Front (TRF), a purported offshoot, claims responsibility, yet India sees it as part of Pakistan’s hybrid warfare strategy. Plus, Pakistan’s international image suffers as financial watchdogs like FATF keep tabs on terror funding. When Pakistan was placed on the grey list and later taken off, it was a sign of international pressure. But threats persist.
The Attack of April 22: A New and Alarming Threat
How the Attack Unfolded
On the night of April 22, terrorists surrounded a group of 40 tourists near Pahalgam, a scenic spot popular among travelers. Surrounded in an area only accessible on foot or on ponies, these tourists were helpless. The terrorists opened fire, killing 28 people, including foreigners.
The brutality shocked many—especially because these victims were simply enjoying the natural beauty of Kashmir. Graphic footage revealed tourists riding horses, smiling and soaking in the landscape—then, suddenly, chaos and death.
Why Target Tourists?
Targeting visitors signals rising desperation among terrorists. No longer content with attacking military targets or security forces, they aim to terrorize civilians, destroy confidence in tourism, and spread fear. This marks a shift toward more reckless tactics, risking regional stability and economic recovery.
Security Failures and Challenges
Remote areas like Pahalgam are hard to defend. Because access is limited, security lapses become apparent. Questions are now raised about intelligence failures. How did terrorists manage to gather such a large group and attack with ease? Was there a lapse in security planning?
International Reactions and Global Support
Global Leaders Condemn the Attack
World leaders quickly responded. Former U.S. Senator JD Vance tweeted his shock. Donald Trump expressed his support for India’s fight against terror. Vladimir Putin called the attack "senseless killing." These statements show global solidarity in standing with India.
Using International Support to Fight Terrorism
India can tap into this worldwide backing. Diplomatic efforts should pressure Pakistan to crack down on terror groups. It’s also vital to share intelligence and cooperate more closely with global allies. By highlighting Pakistan’s role, India can seek stronger sanctions and diplomatic isolation for terror-supporting nations.
Domestic Politics and Managing Public Response
Government’s Response and Political Balance
Prime Minister Narendra Modi promised swift action. Home Minister Amit Shah met with security officials late into the night. But the government must also prevent protests from turning violent or communal.
In Kashmir, protests have historical roots in frustration and anger. Authorities must balance security with peace, avoiding actions that worsen tensions. The aim is to fight terror without intensifying communal divides.
Preventing Violence and Maintaining Stability
The danger? If protests turn violent, it could ignite communal clashes. Security forces need to act firmly but carefully—focused on justice, not retaliation. Building public trust remains key.
Strengthening Security and Deterring Future Attacks
Security Measures and Intelligence
India must upgrade surveillance in vulnerable areas. More checks on infiltration routes and targeted raids are essential. Past incidents like Pulwama showed that mole-hunting and intelligence leaks are deadly.
The Power of Disproportionate Military Response
A measured but firm response can signal to terrorists that India will retaliate in kind. This might include surgical strikes or destroying terror camps in Pakistan. The goal is to strike back hard to prevent future attacks.
Domestic Security Reforms
Improving intelligence sharing and security protocols helps prevent leaks. Special attention should go to protecting tourists and vulnerable zones. Stronger border infrastructure and patrols are needed to catch infiltrators early.
Navigating Hybrid Warfare and Demographic Changes
The Threat of Demographic Shifts
Latest social media messages mention issuing domicile certificates to non-locals, possibly to change Kashmir’s demographic makeup. Such moves could pave the way for settlers to influence local politics and society, creating new flashpoints.
Online Recruitment and Funding Networks
Groups like TRF use social media for recruitment. Narcotics trafficking and illegal funding support terror activities. Stopping these networks requires joint efforts between cyber intelligence and law enforcement.
Countering Hybrid Warfare
India needs a clear strategy to fight misinformation and demographic manipulation. Enforcing land and domicile laws strictly will limit illegal settlements. Community outreach programs can build resilience against terror propaganda.
The Future of India’s Counter-Terror Measures in Kashmir
Diplomatic and Political Strategies
India must put diplomatic pressure on Pakistan to stop backing terror. Sanctions and international campaigns can raise costs for terror-supporting nations. Promoting development and peace talks might also reduce the appeal of militancy.
Military and Security Focus
Surgical strikes, targeted eliminations, and technological upgrades should continue. Continuous vigilance, especially in remote areas, remains vital. In addition, border security must be strengthened to prevent infiltration attempts.
Addressing Social and Internal Factors
Counter-radicalization programs are crucial. Promoting peace and harmony among different communities can weaken the roots of violence. Ensuring tourists and civilians are protected encourages economic recovery and stability.
Conclusion
The attack on April 22 reveals a dangerous new chapter in Kashmir’s history. It shows terrorists are willing to target innocent civilians, even in remote areas. India’s response must be strong—combining military action, diplomatic pressure, and internal reform. The international community’s support is vital, but India must take the lead in fighting terrorism decisively.
To protect Kashmir’s future, India needs clear strategies. Security must be tighter, intelligence sharper, and efforts to build peace intensified. Only then can we hope to prevent such tragic incidents from happening again and ensure lasting stability in the region.
